Machine cutting torch system

ABSTRACT

A cutting torch comprises a cutting oxygen channel for supplying cutting oxygen, a heating oxygen channel for supplying heating oxygen, a fuel gas channel for supplying fuel gas, an ignition mixer configured to generate ignition gas from heating oxygen and fuel gas, a heating oxygen bypass channel originating from the heating oxygen channel and coupled to the ignition mixer, the heating oxygen bypass channel configured to supply heating oxygen to the ignition mixer, a fuel gas bypass channel originating from the fuel gas channel and coupled to the ignition mixer, the fuel gas bypass channel configured to supply fuel gas to the ignition mixer, and a fuel gas shut-off valve located on the fuel gas bypass channel. The shut-off valve is configured to turn off the supply of the fuel gas to the ignition mixer, and the ignition mixer supplies only heating oxygen to the cutting oxygen channel.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.15/318,934, filed on Dec. 14, 2016, and issued on Feb. 25, 2020, as U.S.Pat. No. 10,569,352, which is a national phase of the InternationalApplication No. PCT/EP2014/065026, filed on Jul. 14, 2014, the contentsof each of which are incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD

The present invention relates to a cutting torch system comprising atleast a cutting torch having a body and a head, a cutting oxygenchannel, a heating oxygen channel, and a fuel gas channel, each channelbeing adapted for supplying a corresponding gas into the body of thecutting torch. The cutting torch system may further comprise an ignitiondevice, a nozzle, a control system, and at least one sensor.

BACKGROUND

Cutting metal using an automated machine cutting torch requiressignificant intervention from the machine operator in order to start andto adjust the cutting process. There is significant skill associatedwith setting up machine cutting torches, since often no two cuttingtorches carry the same parameters in set up. The cutting torch requiresmanual adjustment of oxygen and fuel gas pressure and flow rates duringstart-up. On each use, the flame of the cutting torch is ignited usingan ignition device. Frequently, the ignition device has to be adjustedfor good ignition. The oxygen and fuel gas pressure and flow rates arealso often adjusted during operation.

The adjustments are conducted based upon operator experience and aremade to the operator's best ability. The operator will often also changethe nozzle, connected to the cutting torch, due to maintenancerequirements or set up changes. This typically involves waiting for thecutting torch system to cool, unscrewing the nozzle using specialwrenches, and thereafter replacing the nozzle. Following this, thecutting torch has to be set up once again. The nozzle often becomesblocked during operation due to spatter and incorrect flame set up. As aresult, the cutting machine has to be stopped, the nozzle changed, andthe system set up yet again. Also, during nozzle change there is nomeasurement or reflection of critical parameters such as gas pressureand flow rate.

Monitoring the consumption of gas is a further problem for the operator.As set up is purely manual, the gas consumption may vary significantlyeach time the cutting machine is used. Therefore, it is very challengingto predict the gas consumption and related costs.

The above described indicates that there is much room for improvement ofcurrent automated machine cutting torch systems.

Usually, a separate ignition device, such as an external torch orlighter, is used for igniting the cutting torch. Such an externalignition device requires that there is sufficient free space around thecutting torch, and also an additional fuel gas supply. An externalsolution also requires more spare parts, it makes the cutting machinemore complicated, and it is necessary to adjust the ignition device tothe correct position in order to ensure proper functioning. Further,external ignition devices are very frequently damaged or destroyed bythe cutting process. Hence, there is more chance of function failurewhen using an external ignition device.

Existing internal ignition systems require additional supply of bothoxygen and fuel gas, using two independent control valves, to beinstalled in the hazardous area. This leads to an expensive and complexsolution which is difficult to control and set up. Further, anadditional channel is needed inside the cutting torch for delivery ofthe ignition mixture to an area close to the ignition plug. One suchinternal ignition device is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,223.

Usually, cutting oxygen pressure is not measured at all at the cuttingtorch itself, which means that exact information about an importantprocess parameter is missing. Pressure is normally measured at thepressure gauge on the pressure regulator or at the proportional valveinside the cutting machine, which is not sufficiently accurate. This isdue to the oxygen pressure drop in the pipelines, the hoses, and othercomponents arranged between the pressure regulator and the cuttingtorch.

The pressure may also be measured by using an additional gauge arrangedexternally between the hose and the cutting torch. However, the accuracyand life-time of such a solution is too low and its complexity is toohigh. Further, it is not always possible to use such an additionalgauge.

The lack of exact information about the cutting oxygen pressure preventssimple optimization of the process parameters and causes a lowerperformance than necessary for the cutting process.

Nozzles are often changed manually by the operator, using specialwrenches. This is a problem since the procedure takes time, and there isa risk of applying an excessive tightening torque, resulting in damagesto the connecting thread and the sensitive nozzle surface.

A further problem is associated with adjusting the distance betweennozzle and work piece such that the nozzle always is arranged at acorrect height. One known solution is to connect each cutting torch to aseparate sensor. However, such sensors take up valuable space within inthe cutting machine, limit the movements of the cutting torch, areeasily damaged by spatter, and often moves out of alignment such thatthe measured distance differs from the actual distance between nozzleand work piece.

As mentioned above, an automated machine cutting torch requiressignificant intervention from the operator in order to start up and toadjust the cutting process. Most adjustments are done based uponoperator experience and are made to the operator's best ability. Hence,there are difficulties associated with achieving a correct set up andadjustment of oxygen and fuel gas parameters in response to the actualnozzle used.

As also mentioned above, a cutting torch usually requires manualcleaning and maintenance, e.g. nozzle changes. This is usually donebased upon operator experience and is made to the operator's bestability. Nozzle change typically involves waiting for the cutting torchsystem to cool, unscrewing the nozzle using special wrenches, andthereafter replacing the nozzle.

Nozzles are usually cleaned manually using a set of specific tools inorder to remove spatter and in order to clean the surfaces. Nozzlemaintenance is a task often performed with little precision. Operatorsuse basic skills to clean the nozzle, but if it is done incorrectly itcan significantly reduce the performance of the nozzle, and hence thetorch, and could lead to safety issues. For example, if the cuttingoxygen channel is opened up incorrectly, an unbalanced flow of oxygencould arise which will lead to a sub-optimal cutting profile and couldalso lead to a flashback of excess oxygen into the nozzle and cuttingtorch.

SUMMARY

It is an object of the present invention to mitigate the above problems,and to provide a cutting torch system which is easy to handle, has ahigher degree of automation, has an increased lifetime, leads to savingsin spare parts, gives better cut quality, has better cutting performanceand shorter setting times, and which cuts equipment and process cost.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, these objects areachieved by a cutting torch system having an ignition mode and a coolingand cleaning mode, the cutting torch system comprising a cutting torchhaving a body and a head, the cutting torch further comprising a cuttingoxygen channel, a heating oxygen channel, and a fuel gas channel, eachchannel being adapted at least for supplying a corresponding gas intothe body of the cutting torch, the heating oxygen channel and the fuelgas channel being connected to an ignition mixer arranged in the body, afuel gas shut-off valve arranged upstream of the ignition mixer, thefuel gas shut-off valve being configured to be open in the ignition modeand closed in the cleaning and cooling mode, the ignition mixer beingadapted for mixing heating oxygen and fuel gas into an ignition gas andcommunicating the ignition gas, downstream of the ignition mixer, intothe cutting oxygen channel in the ignition mode, the ignition mixerbeing adapted for communicating heating oxygen, downstream of theignition mixer, into the cutting oxygen channel in the cleaning andcooling mode.

Such a cutting torch system provides a reliable, safe, fast, and simpleway of flame ignition, with long lifetime and less risk of malfunction.The system is not dependent on the skill of the operator, nor is itdependent on a specific, predetermined maintenance schedule. The cuttingtorch system does not require the use of an additional channel forsupplying ignition gas, while the necessary channels are easily used forboth igniting the cutting torch and for cleaning.

The cutting torch system may further comprise a cutting mode, theignition mixer being adapted for communicating heating oxygen,downstream of the ignition mixer, into the cutting oxygen channel in thecutting mode. This way, the cutting torch and the nozzle arecontinuously cleaned and cooled during the cutting of the work piece.

The body and the head of the cutting torch may be connected by thecutting oxygen channel, and the head may comprise an ignition plug forigniting the ignition gas in the ignition mode. The provision of anintegrated ignition facilitates use, and eliminates the need forexternal ignition devices which are easily damaged during the cuttingprocess.

In one embodiment, the body and the head are connected by the heatingoxygen channel and the fuel gas channel, and the head is connected to anozzle which comprises at least one heating mixer adapted for mixingheating oxygen and fuel gas into a heating gas, making the embodimentsuitable for a nozzle mix type cutting torch.

In a further embodiment, the body and the head are further connected bya heating gas channel, the head is connected to a nozzle, and the bodycomprises a heating mixer adapted for mixing heating oxygen and fuel gasinto a heating gas and communicating the heating gas, downstream of theheating mixer, into the heating gas channel, making the embodimentsuitable for an torch mixing type cutting torch.

The fuel gas shut-off valve may be adapted for communicating fuel gas tothe heating mixer in the cleaning and cooling mode and in the cuttingmode, facilitating simple change-over between ignition mode and cleaningand cooling mode or cutting mode.

In one embodiment, the cutting torch and/or the nozzle comprises acutting oxygen sensor for measuring the pressure and/or flow rate of thecutting oxygen in the cutting oxygen channel. More particularly, thebody may comprise a cutting oxygen sensor for measuring the pressureand/or flow rate of the cutting oxygen in the cutting oxygen channel.This allows the operator to always have an overview of actual cuttingoxygen and/or fuel gas conditions without the influence of flow andpressure losses in the pipes, the hoses or the valves within the system.

In one embodiment, the cutting torch system comprises a control systemadapted for adjusting a flow rate and/or a pressure of the heatingoxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/or the fuel gas supplied to the cuttingtorch body. The control system may be adapted for controlling the flowrate and/or the pressure of the cutting oxygen in the cutting oxygenchannel based on the measurements from the cutting oxygen sensor. In oneembodiment, the head of the cutting torch comprises a temperaturesensor. The control system may also be adapted for changing the flowrate and/or the pressure of the heating oxygen, the cutting oxygen,and/or the fuel gas, depending on the temperature sensed by thetemperature sensor. Having such an automatic arrangement, the cuttingtorch system can adjust or correct the gas conditions automatically whenneeded and in response to the measurements from the sensors.

The control system may further be adapted for controlling the mode ofthe cutting torch system, and the control system may further be adaptedfor changing the mode from the ignition mode to the cleaning and coolingmode based on the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor. Theautomatic arrangement can alternate the cutting torch system betweenmodes, when needed and in response to measurements from the sensors orpredetermined data.

In one embodiment, the control system is adapted for adjusting a flowrate and a pressure of the heating oxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/orthe fuel gas, adjusting a proportion of the heating oxygen and the fuelgas in the ignition gas, alerting an operator of the cutting torchsystem regarding unsafe or unusual conditions in the cutting torchsystem, alerting an operator of the cutting torch system regarding aneed for maintenance of the cutting torch system, performing maintenanceof the cutting torch system, performing nozzle exchange, andautomatically stopping the gas flow and/or operation of the cuttingtorch.

The nozzle may comprise an electronic identifier, and the control systemmay be adapted for adjusting a flow rate and/or a pressure of theheating oxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/or the fuel gas, and/oradjusting a proportion of the heating oxygen and the fuel gas in theignition gas based on an identifier of the electronic identifier. Theidentifier may comprise data regarding a size of the nozzle, sizes ofthe channels in the nozzle, a nozzle type and/or model, a fuel gas type,a type of gas mixing system, a nozzle manufacturing date, a batchnumber, an identification/serial number, and nozzle operation start-uptime. An electronic identifier may hold key information about the nozzlewhich is transmitted to a control system, which thereafter checks thecutting set up and adjusts it automatically when needed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, these objects areachieved by a method for igniting and operating a cutting torch, thecutting torch comprising a cutting oxygen channel, a heating oxygenchannel and a fuel gas channel, an ignition mixer being connected to theheating oxygen channel and the fuel gas channel, and a fuel gas shut-offvalve upstream of the ignition mixer, wherein the method comprises anignition process, a cooling and cleaning process, and a cutting process;the ignition process comprising the steps of mixing, in the ignitionmixer, heating oxygen and fuel gas into an ignition gas, andcommunicating the ignition gas into the cutting oxygen channeldownstream of the ignition mixer, the cooling and cleaning processcomprising the steps of closing the fuel gas shut-off valve,communicating heating oxygen into the cutting oxygen channel downstreamof the ignition mixer, the cutting process comprising the steps ofcommunicating cutting oxygen into the cutting oxygen channel, whereafter the cutting oxygen is mixed with heating oxygen continuously fedby the ignition mixer into the cutting oxygen channel.

The above mentioned method provides a reliable, safe, fast, and simpleway of flame ignition, with long lifetime and less risk of malfunction.The method is not dependent on the skill of the operator, nor is itdependent on a specific, predetermined maintenance schedule

According to a third aspect of the present invention, these objects areachieved by a cutting torch comprising at least one sensor adapted formeasuring a pressure and/or a flow rate within at least one gas channelin the cutting torch. The sensor may be adapted for measuring thepressure in the cutting oxygen channel.

This allows the operator to always have an overview of actual cuttingoxygen and/or fuel gas conditions without the influence of flow andpressure losses in the pipes, the hoses or the valves within the system.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, these objects areachieved by a nozzle for a cutting torch having a cutting head, thenozzle comprising a cutting nozzle adapted to be arranged within aheating nozzle, wherein the heating nozzle comprises a height controlsensor. The height control sensor may be arranged at a tip of theheating nozzle.

Such an integrated height sensor is less exposed to spatter thanexisting external sensors since it is arranged more or less completelywithin the gas stream flowing out from the nozzle. The integrated heightsensor does not move out of alignment since it is a part of the nozzle,and therefore it always measures the correct distance between nozzle andwork piece.

In one embodiment, the heating nozzle is at least partially made of anelectrically insulating material, facilitating the integration of thesensor.

The heating nozzle may further comprise a temperature sensor, whichallows measuring the temperature as close to the work piece as possible.

In a further embodiment, the heating nozzle is arranged to be connectedto the cutting head by means of a bayonet coupling, providing aconnection which does not require tools and therefore is simple, quick,and does not damage the nozzle or connection surfaces on the nozzle ortorch head.

The nozzle may comprise at least two O-rings for sealing and separatinggas flows within the nozzle, wherein a first O-ring is arranged betweena contact surface on the heating nozzle and a contact surface on thecutting head, and wherein a second O-ring is arranged between a contactsurface on the cutting nozzle and a contact surface on the cutting head,and wherein the O-rings are arranged such that a constant distance ismaintained between a tip of the cutting nozzle and a tip of the heatingnozzle. In one embodiment, the contact surfaces of the heating nozzle,the cutting nozzle, and the cutting head are perpendicular to a main gasflow direction in the nozzle of the cutting torch system. Further, thefirst O-ring may be arranged in a groove in the contact surface of theheating nozzle, and the second O-ring may be arranged in a groove in thecontact surface of the cutting nozzle. The use of such axially fixedO-rings helps in defining the exact positions of and relative distancesbetween the torch head, the cutting nozzle, and the heating nozzle. Itis important to keep a constant distance between the tips of the cuttingand heating nozzles, in order to maintain good performance stability forthe heating flame.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, these objects areachieved by a nozzle for a cutting torch, comprising an electronicidentifier holding information regarding the nozzle in an identifier.The electronic identifier may comprise a RFID, a NFC, a SIM, acapacitor, a resistor, and a micro processor. In one embodiment, theidentifier comprises data regarding a size of the nozzle, sizes of thechannels in the nozzle, a nozzle type and/or model, a fuel gas type, atype of gas mixing system, a nozzle manufacturing date, a batch number,an identification/serial number, and nozzle operation start-up time. Anelectronic identifier may hold key information about the nozzle which istransmitted to a control system, which thereafter checks the cutting setup and adjusts it automatically when needed.

The nozzle may further be connected to a cutting torch system comprisinga control system, and the electronic identifier may be adapted fortransmitting at least a part of the identifier to the control systemupon request by the control system. The electronic identifier may beadapted for transmitting at least a part of the identifier to thecontrol system via a wireless link between the electronic identifier andthe control system. The electronic identifier may also be adapted fortransmitting at least a part of the identifier to the control system viaa wired link between the electronic identifier and the control system.Such an automatic arrangement can adjust or correct the gas conditionsautomatically, in response to the measurements from sensors orpredetermined data such as the above mentioned identifiers.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, these objects areachieved by a control system adapted for controlling a cutting torch,the cutting torch comprising at least one channel adapted for connectionto a nozzle connected to the head of the cutting torch, the controlsystem being adapted for performing a cleaning process of the nozzle(10) and/or the cutting torch upon start-up of the cutting torch,wherein the cleaning process comprises communicating one or severalbursts of oxygen through the at least one channel.

Using bursts of oxygen is a very simple and efficient way of cleaningone or several channels within a nozzle or a cutting torch from spatterremains, while simultaneously providing extra cooling of the nozzle andthe cutting torch.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, these objectsare achieved by a parking system for use in a cutting torch systemaccording to the above, wherein the parking system comprises a rotatablegripping arm, at least one cleaning arm, and at least one sensor, andwherein the parking system is adapted for use in a nozzle exchangeprocess, a nozzle cleaning process, and/or a nozzle testing process. Therotatable gripping arm may comprise at least two locating grips adaptedfor clasping a nozzle, arranged on a cutting torch, and wherein therotatable gripping arm is adapted for rotating the nozzle, andthereafter releasing the nozzle from the cutting torch.

A parking system automates the changing, cleaning, testing, and set upof nozzles such that it is no longer necessary to rely on the skill ofthe operator. It is also no longer necessary to wait for the system tocool, before unscrewing the nozzle, nor is it necessary to use specialtools.

These objects are also achieved by a method of exchanging a nozzle, amethod of cleaning a nozzle, and a method of testing a nozzle using theparking system. The method of exchanging a nozzle may comprise the stepsof moving the cutting torch, provided with a nozzle, to a parkingposition within the parking system, and removing the nozzle from thecutting torch by means of the rotatable gripping arm, fitting a newnozzle to the cutting torch by means of the rotatable gripping arm, andmoving the cutting torch back to its initial position. The method ofcleaning a nozzle may comprise the steps of moving the cutting torch,provided with a nozzle, to a parking position within the parking system,and cleaning of the nozzle using at least one tool arranged on acleaning arm, and moving the cutting torch back to its initial position.The method of testing a nozzle may comprise the step of igniting thecutting torch while monitoring and altering cutting parameters by meansof at least one sensor and a control system. The method of testing anozzle may further comprise the step of moving a test piece to aposition adjacent the cutting torch for conducting a test cut in thetest piece. These automatic changing, cleaning, and testing methodsremove the need for manual labour, dependent on the skill of theoperator, and reduces the need of a specific, predetermined maintenanceschedule since maintenance is performed automatically when needed, e.g.in response to measurements from the sensors within the system.

Generally, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted accordingto their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitlydefined otherwise herein. All references to “a/an/the [element, device,component, means, etc]” are to be interpreted openly as referring to atleast one instance of said element, device, component, means, etc.,unless explicitly stated otherwise. Further, by the term “comprising” itis meant “comprising but not limited to” throughout the application.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

This and other aspects of the present invention will now be described inmore detail, with reference to the appended drawings showing currentlypreferred embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of the cutting torchsystem according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of the cuttingtorch system according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a cutting torch according to thepresent invention.

FIG. 4 shows an exploded view of a nozzle according to the presentinvention.

FIG. 5 shows cross sectional view of a cutting torch head and a nozzleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a cutting machine system according tothe present invention.

FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a parking system according to thepresent invention.

FIG. 8 shows a decision tree used for adjusting operating parametersand/or initiating maintenance.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The invention relates to a combination of innovative systems whichgenerate a new machine cutting torch design philosophy. It comprises anumber of highly related elements such as: an ignition mixer forpreparation of an ignition gas used together with an internal coolingand cleaning device as disclosed in EP 0191741; pressure, temperature,and flow measuring devices; a manually quick-tightened cutting and/orheating nozzle provided with a height control sensor; automaticidentification of nozzles and adjustment of oxygen and fuel gasparameters; process control for cleaning, and process automation forcleaning and changing of nozzles.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show two different embodiments of a cutting torch systemaccording to the invention. The cutting torch 1 comprises a body 2 and ahead 3. A cutting oxygen channel 4, a heating oxygen channel 5, and afuel gas channel 6 are connected to an inlet side of the body 2, havingone inlet each, and supplies cutting oxygen, heating oxygen, and fuelgas, respectively, to the cutting torch body 2.

The body 2 and the head 3 of the cutting torch are connected to eachother by two or three tubes, each tube comprising a continuation of thechannel for cutting oxygen 4, a continuation of the channel for heatingoxygen 5, a continuation of the channel for fuel gas 6, and/or a channelfor heating gas 12.

The channel for cutting oxygen 4 will also be used for ignition gas.Both heating gas and ignition gas consist of a mixture of heating oxygenand fuel gas, however in different amounts and proportions. The heatingand ignition gases will be described more in depth below.

The inventive cutting torch is provided with at least one heating mixer11 for mixing heating oxygen, from the heating oxygen channel 5, andfuel gas, from the fuel gas channel 6, to a heating gas. In FIG. 1, theheating mixer 11 is arranged in the body 2 of the cutting torch (a socalled torch mixing type cutting torch), and in FIG. 2 the heating mixer11 is arranged in a nozzle 10 connected to the head 3 of the cuttingtorch (a so called nozzle mix type cutting torch). When the heatingmixer 11 is arranged in the body 2 of the cutting torch, the body 2 andhead 3 are connected by two tubes, i.e. the cutting oxygen channel 4 andthe heating gas channel 12. The heating gas channel 12 extends from theheating mixer 11 to the head 3. When the heating mixer(s) 11 is/arearranged in the nozzle 10, the body 2 and head 3 are connected by threetubes, i.e. the cutting oxygen channel 4, the heating oxygen channel 5,and the fuel gas channel 6.

An ignition mixer 7 is arranged within the body 2 of the cutting torch,and the heating oxygen channel 5 and the fuel gas channel 6 areconnected, by means of bypass channels 15, 16, to an inlet side of theignition mixer 7. A fuel gas shut-off valve 8 is arranged upstream ofthe ignition mixer 7 on the fuel gas bypass channel 16.

In other words, the embodiment of FIG. 1 shows a cutting oxygen channel4 which is connected to the inlet side of the body 2 and whichthereafter continues directly, through one of the tubes, to the head 3and the cutting nozzle 10. The heating oxygen channel 5 is connected tothe inlet side of the body 2, i.e. to the heating mixer 11. Upstream ofthe heating mixer 11, the heating oxygen channel 5 is also connected toa heating oxygen bypass channel 15 which, in turn, is connected to theignition mixer 7. The fuel gas channel 6 is, similarly, connected to theinlet side of the body 2, i.e. to the heating mixer 11. Upstream of theheating mixer 11, the fuel gas channel 6 is also connected to a fuel gasbypass channel 16 which is connected to the ignition mixer 7. From theignition mixer 7, an ignition channel 17 continues to the cutting oxygenchannel 4. Downstream of the heating mixer 11, a heating gas channel 12extends, through another tube, to the head 3 and the cutting nozzle 10.

In a corresponding way, the embodiment of FIG. 2 shows a cutting oxygenchannel 4 which is connected to the inlet side of the body 2 and whichthereafter continues, through one of the tubes, to the head 3 and thecutting nozzle 10. The heating oxygen channel 5 and the fuel gas channel6 are also connected to the inlet side of the body 2, and thereaftercontinue, through one tube each, to the head 3 and the cutting nozzle10. The heating oxygen channel 5 and the fuel gas channel 6 areconnected to at least one heating mixer 11, but preferably severalheating mixers 11, which in this embodiment is/are arranged within thenozzle 10. Downstream of the heating mixer/heating mixers 11, a numberof heating gas channels 12 extend through the cutting nozzle 10. Withinthe body 2, the heating oxygen channel 5 is also connected to a heatingoxygen bypass channel 15 which, in turn, is connected to an ignitionmixer 7. The fuel gas channel 6 is also connected to a fuel gas bypasschannel 16 which is connected to the ignition mixer 7. An ignitionchannel 17 continues from the ignition mixer 7 to the cutting oxygenchannel 4.

The head 3 of the cutting torch comprises an ignition plug 9 forigniting the ignition gas.

As mentioned above, heating oxygen and fuel gas are mixed in the heatingmixer 11 in order to make heating gas. The heating gas is communicatedvia the heating gas channel 12 to the head 2 where the nozzle 10 isarranged, see FIG. 1. Alternatively, the heating oxygen and fuel gas aremixed in the heating mixer(s) 11 arranged within the nozzle 10, see FIG.2. The heating gas is guided from the heating mixer through holes orslots in the nozzle 10, and is ignited at the nozzle tip in order toform a flame. Cutting oxygen, on the other hand, is communicateddirectly through the body 2, the cutting oxygen channel 4, and the head3 into the nozzle 10, and is used as cutting media as soon as the workpiece has been prepared such that the cutting process can be started. Inorder to ignite the flame, an ignition gas is needed. An ignition mixer7 is used for preparing such an ignition gas consisting of definedamounts/rates of oxygen and fuel gas. Oxygen and fuel gas used for theignition gas is communicated to the ignition mixer 7 in parallel withthe oxygen and the fuel gas used for the heating gas. A solenoid valve8, or other type of shut-off valve, switches the fuel gas, communicatedto the ignition mixer 7, on and off.

The cutting torch system has three gas supply modes: ignition mode,cooling and cleaning mode, and cutting mode. These modes are usedthroughout the application to describe the flow of gas within thecutting torch 1 and the nozzle 10. Different gas flows are used indifferent sequences of operation. The machine cutting torch operates infour subsequent sequences during use: an ignition sequence, a preheatingsequence, a piercing sequence, and a cutting sequence. The torch isignited during the ignition sequence, i.e. a heating gas comprisingheating oxygen and fuel gas is supplied and ignited, forming a heatingflame. During the preheating sequence, the work piece is heated by theheating flame to a temperature which will support combustion. During thepiercing sequence, cutting oxygen is added and ignited, forming acutting flame. The cutting flame pierces the heated work piece, creatinga hole from which the subsequent cutting is performed in the cuttingsequence. Hence, the ignition mode is used during the ignition sequence,while the cooling and cleaning mode and the cutting mode are used duringthe preheating sequence, the piercing sequence, and/or the cuttingsequence.

The fuel gas shut-off valve 8 is configured to be open in the ignitionmode and closed in the cleaning and cooling mode and in the cuttingmode. I.e., the fuel gas shut-off valve 8 communicates fuel gas to theignition mixer 7 in the ignition mode and to the heating mixer 11 in thecleaning and cooling mode and in the cutting mode.

During ignition mode, heating gas is communicated through the system asdescribed above and blows out of the nozzle 10. Also, heating oxygen iscommunicated continuously into the ignition mixer 7, and the fuel gassolenoid valve 8 is open such that fuel gas is communicated to theignition mixer 7 as well. Ignition gas is formed within the ignitionmixer 7, through mixing of the heating oxygen and the fuel gas, and theignition gas is thereafter communicated, downstream of the ignitionmixer 7 through ignition channel 17, into the cutting oxygen channel 4where it is eventually ignited by an ignition (sparkling or glow) plug 9arranged in the head 3 of the cutting torch 1. The ignition flame isblown away from the cutting oxygen channel 4, externally of the nozzle10, and hence ignites the heating gas. This way, a heating flame isformed.

Thereafter, the cleaning and cooling mode is started. The fuel gassolenoid valve 8 is closed. Heating oxygen is still communicatedcontinuously via the ignition mixer 7, through the ignition channel 17and the cutting oxygen channel 4 to the nozzle 10. The heating oxygenflow cools and cleans the complete cutting torch and nozzle. The coolingis also supported by the so called Coolex system, as disclosed inEP-0,191,741. The Coolex system, in combination with the ignition mixer7, will enable the use of electronics within the cutting torch head 3due to reduced temperatures and increased free and available spacewithin the head 3.

Finally, and as soon as the work piece is prepared for the cuttingprocess, the cutting oxygen supply is opened and the cutting process isstarted, i.e. the system is in cutting mode. In the cutting mode, theignition mixer 7 continues to communicate heating oxygen via theignition mixer 7 into the cutting oxygen channel 4, as described above.

In other words, the method for igniting and operating a cutting torch 1,where the cutting torch comprises a cutting oxygen channel 4, a heatingoxygen channel 5, a fuel gas channel 6, an ignition mixer 7 beingconnected to the heating oxygen channel 5 and the fuel gas channel 6,and a fuel gas shut-off valve 8 arranged upstream of the ignition mixer7, comprises an ignition process, a cooling and cleaning process, and acutting process. The ignition process comprises the steps of mixing, inthe ignition mixer 7, heating oxygen and fuel gas into an ignition gas,and communicating the ignition gas into the cutting oxygen channel 4downstream of the ignition mixer 7, the cooling and cleaning processcomprises the steps of closing the fuel gas shut-off valve 8,communicating heating oxygen into the cutting oxygen channel 4downstream of the ignition mixer 7, and the cutting process comprisesthe steps of communicating cutting oxygen into the cutting oxygenchannel 4, where after the cutting oxygen is mixed with heating oxygencontinuously fed by the ignition mixer 7 into the cutting oxygen channel4.

The body 2 of the cutting torch may further comprise a cutting oxygensensor 13 for measuring the pressure and/or flow rate of the cuttingoxygen in the cutting oxygen channel 4.

Also, the cutting torch system advantageously comprises a control systemadapted for adjusting the flow rate and/or pressure of the heatingoxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/or the fuel gas supplied to the cuttingtorch body 2 through the channels 4, 5, 6. Preferably, the controlsystem is adapted for controlling the flow rate and/or the pressure ofthe cutting oxygen in the cutting oxygen channel 4 based on measurementsmade by the cutting oxygen sensor 13. The hardware of the controlsystem, along with valves and other components, may be arranged in acontrol box 28 located, e.g., on top of the carriage of the cuttingmachine.

The head 3 of the cutting torch may comprise a temperature sensor 14.Preferably, the control system is adapted for changing the flow rateand/or the pressure of the heating oxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/orthe fuel gas, in response to the temperature sensed by the temperaturesensor 14. Further, the control system may be adapted for controllingthe mode of the cutting torch system, preferably for changing the modefrom the ignition mode to the cleaning and cooling mode in response tothe temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 14.

The control system may be adapted for adjusting the flow rate and thepressure of the heating oxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/or the fuel gas,for adjusting the proportions of the heating oxygen and the fuel gas inthe ignition gas, for alerting the operator of the cutting torch systemabout unsafe or unusual conditions in the cutting torch system, foralerting the operator of the cutting torch system about the need formaintenance of the cutting torch system, for performing maintenance ofthe cutting torch system, for performing nozzle exchange, and forautomatically stopping the gas flow and/or operation of the cuttingtorch.

The cutting nozzle 10 may comprise an electronic identifier 23, and thecontrol system may be adapted for adjusting the flow rate and/or thepressure of the heating oxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/or the fuel gas,and/or adjusting the proportions of the heating oxygen and the fuel gasin the ignition gas based on a identifier of the electronic identifier23. In particular, the flow rate and/or the pressure of the abovementioned gases may be adjusted in response to the specific nozzleparameters for the preheating sequence and the piercing sequence, andalso the time per each sequence needs to be set. The electronicidentifier 23 will also initiate a warning alert when the nozzle is usedwith the wrong fuel gas type or the wrong torch type.

Hence, the identifier, e.g., comprises data regarding the size of thenozzle, the size of the channels in the nozzle, the nozzle type and/ormodel, the fuel gas type, the type of gas mixing system, the nozzlemanufacturing date, the batch number, the identification/serial numberof the nozzle, and nozzle operation start-up time.

A pressure gauge or pressure sensor 13 may be installed in the body 2 ofthe cutting torch 1 in order to measure the pressure and/or flow ratewithin the gas channels in the cutting torch 1. Preferably, the sensor13 is a cutting oxygen sensor adapted for measuring the pressure and/orflow rate of the cutting oxygen in the cutting oxygen channel 4 at theposition which is closest to the cutting nozzle 10.

This way, the operator always has an overview over current cuttingoxygen and fuel gas conditions, without any influence of flow andpressure losses in pipes, hoses, and valves. As mentioned above, thesensors may be connected directly to the control system of the cuttingtorch system. With such an automated solution, the cutting machine canautomatically adjust or correct gas conditions of the proportional valvein response to data collected by the sensors. The hardware of thecontrol system, the proportional valve, shut-off valves etc. may bearranged in a control box 28 located, e.g., on top of the carriage ofthe cutting machine. For instance, the flame ignition can be controlledprecisely for safe start up including checking of heating oxygen andfuel gas pressure and/or flow rate, and giving feedback that the flamehas been ignited (through use of a temperature sensor). Another exampleis that the oxygen flow rate can be decreased on cold days in order tocompensate for the gas being denser, and the fuel gas pressure can beincreased in order to compensate for its lower pressure. Further,automatic stopping of the cutting torch system is possible if unsafe orunusual conditions are detected, e.g. when there is spatter build up onthe nozzle 10. Also, preventative maintenance of the nozzle 10 can beflagged by the system after monitoring a combination of pressure, flowrate, and temperature in the cutting torch 1.

The cutting torch system advantageously comprises a control systemadapted for adjusting the flow rate and/or pressure of the heatingoxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/or the fuel gas supplied to the cuttingtorch body 2 through the channels 4, 5, 6. Preferably, the controlsystem is adapted for controlling the flow rate and/or the pressure ofthe cutting oxygen in the cutting oxygen channel 4 based on measurementsmade by the cutting oxygen sensor 13.

The head 3 of the cutting torch may comprise a temperature sensor 14.Preferably, the control system is adapted for changing the flow rateand/or the pressure of the heating oxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/orthe fuel gas, in response to the temperature sensed by the temperaturesensor 14. Further, the control system may be adapted for controllingthe mode of the cutting torch system, preferably for changing the modefrom the ignition mode to the cleaning and cooling mode in response tothe temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 14.

The control system may be adapted for adjusting the flow rate and thepressure of the heating oxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/or the fuel gas,adjusting a proportion of the heating oxygen and the fuel gas in theignition gas, alerting an operator of the cutting torch system regardingunsafe or unusual conditions in the cutting torch system, alerting anoperator of the cutting torch system regarding the need for maintenanceof the cutting torch system, performing maintenance of the cutting torchsystem and automatically stopping the operation of the cutting torch.

The cutting nozzle 10 may comprise an electronic identifier 23, and thecontrol system may be adapted for adjusting the flow rate and/or thepressure of the heating oxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/or the fuel gas,and/or adjusting a proportion of the heating oxygen and the fuel gas inthe ignition gas based on a identifier of the electronic identifier 23.The identifier comprises data regarding the size of the nozzle, the sizeof the channels in the nozzle, the nozzle type and/or model, the fuelgas type, the type of gas mixing system, the nozzle manufacturing date,the batch number, the identification/serial number, and nozzle operationstart-up time.

The cutting torch system may include a nozzle 10 comprising a cuttingnozzle 18 and a heating nozzle 19, where the cutting nozzle 18 isarranged within the heating nozzle 19. The heating nozzle 19 isconnected manually to the head 3 of the cutting torch 1 by means of abayonet coupling 20 comprising a pin and a groove to be rotated inrelation to each other. I.e., the nozzle 10 is rotated, e.g. 90°anticlockwise, releasing the pins on the nozzle 10 from their lockingposition in the groove on the head 2. Thereafter, the nozzle 10 is freeto be removed from the cutting torch 1. The rotation is e.g. 90°anticlockwise, however, any suitable degree and direction of rotation ispossible.

The nozzle 10 preferably comprises at least two O-rings 21 for sealingand separating the gas flows within the nozzle 10. The first O-ring isarranged between a contact surface on the heating nozzle 19 and acontact surface on the cutting head 3, lying in abutment with bothcontact surfaces. The second O-ring is arranged between a contactsurface on the cutting nozzle 18 and a contact surface on the cuttinghead 3, lying in abutment with both contact surfaces. The O-rings 21 arearranged such that a constant distance is maintained between the tip ofthe cutting nozzle 18 and the tip of the heating nozzle 19. The firstO-ring is preferably arranged in a groove in the contact surface of theheating nozzle 19, and the second O-ring is preferably arranged in agroove in the contact surface of the cutting nozzle 18.

The heating nozzle 19 is, at least partially, made of an electricallyinsulating material such as ceramics or certain types of plastic.

The tip of the heating nozzle 19 comprises a height control sensor 22.The height control sensor 22 measures the electrical capacitance betweenthe nozzle 10 and the work piece, i.e. the distance between nozzle 10and work piece. The height control sensor may be connected to a controlsystem, either wirelessly or by wire. The wire may be a conventionalcopper wire arranged in a drilled channel within the nozzle, or a liquidmetal poured into a channel or groove wherein it solidified.

The heating nozzle 19 may also comprise a temperature sensor 14.Preferably, the control system is adapted for changing the flow rateand/or the pressure of the heating oxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/orthe fuel gas, in response to the temperature sensed by the temperaturesensor 14. Further, the control system may be adapted for controllingthe mode of the cutting torch system, preferably for changing the modefrom the ignition mode to the cleaning and cooling mode in response tothe temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 14.

The cutting torch system may comprise a cutting nozzle 10 provided withan electronic identifier 23 such as a RFID, a NFC, a resistor, or amicro processor. The electronic identifier 23 may hold key informationregarding the nozzle 10 in an identifier comprising data regarding thesize of the nozzle, the size of the channels in the nozzle, the nozzletype and/or model, the fuel gas type, the type of gas mixing system, thenozzle manufacturing date, the batch number, the identification/serialnumber, and nozzle operation start-up time.

Nozzle operation start-up time refers to the time of starting theoperation of a particular nozzle, which the operator can set using anexternal device. Based on the nozzle lifetime, preventative nozzleexchange can thereafter be announced by the system.

The nozzle can be connected to a control system for the cutting torchsystem using the nozzle 10, and the electronic identifier 23 can beadapted for transmitting at least a part of the identifier to thecontrol system upon request of the control system. The cutting set up ischecked and changed automatically upon nozzle replacement, by the use ofsuch an electronic identifier 23.

The identification may be transmitted via a wired link between theelectronic identifier and the control system, wherein the head 2 isprovided with a communication point for contact with the electronicidentifier 23, or wirelessly via a wireless link between the electronicidentifier and the control system. Adjustments of fuel gas supply,oxygen supply, and ignition gas supply may be made automatically. Thisinformation in combination with monitoring of the fuel gas and oxygensupply conditions will enable prediction of upcoming nozzle replacement.In particular, the flow rate and/or the pressure of the different gasesmay be adjusted in relation to specific parameters used for thepreheating sequence and the piercing sequence, such as thickness of thework piece, cutting speed, and the distance between nozzle and workpiece. The time per each sequence may also be set. The electronicidentifier 23 will also initiate a warning alert when the nozzle 10 isused with the wrong fuel gas type or the wrong torch type.

On start up, the sensors within the cutting torch system can be checkedfor good operation (i.e. signal checks). It is also checked if the gasesmeet the requirements of the specific nozzle 10 which is used (i.e.signal value), and if maintenance is required (i.e. an interpretation ofinformation including data related to the actual nozzle).

At start up, the control system may also initiate cleaning of the nozzle10 and/or the cutting torch 1 by switching the cutting torch 1 on andoff a number of times, wherein short bursts of high flow oxygen iscommunicated through at least one of the channels, i.e. the cuttingoxygen channel 4, the heating oxygen channel 5, the fuel gas channel 6,and/or the heating gas channel 12, to remove spatter. The cleaningsequence practically means that all shut-off valves, all proportionalvalves, and all regulators are open fully to the max. Each burst lasts afew seconds and the actual flow depends on the actual gas channel andnozzle size, but it usually varies between 1-40 Nm³/h. The burst notonly cleans, but also cools, the nozzle 10 and cutting torch 1. Thistype of cleaning is preferably done after each cut or at pre-definedtime intervals during the cutting process.

Further, automated cleaning may be performed using a parking system 24,which is described more in detail below. This type of cleaning is donemore seldom since it comprises mechanical cleaning which is more timeconsuming.

The cutting torch system may further comprise a so called parking system24. The parking system 24 consists of a bay in which a multitude ofactivities can be conducted for the purpose of maintenance and machineset up changes, primarily nozzle change, nozzle cleaning, and/or nozzletesting. The cutting torch 1 is parked in a parking area within theparking system 24 by pushing it towards an interior wall of the system24.

The cutting torch 1 may be moved to the parking system 24, i.e. theparking system 24 may be stationary. However, the parking system 24 maybe moved to each individual cutting torch 1 instead. When the cuttingmachine comprises more than one torch, it is preferable if the parkingsystem 24 is movable. This way, it can service one or several particulartorch(es), and not necessarily of all of the torches. Also, the cuttingtorch 1 itself can be separated from the cutting machine, using theparking system.

Nozzle change is conducted by moving the cutting torch into a parkedposition, in which the nozzle 10 may be removed by a rotatable grippingarm 25.

In a preferred embodiment, the nozzle 10 is attached to the head 3 ofthe cutting torch 1 by means of a bayonet coupling. For this embodiment,the rotatable gripping arm 25 has at least two locating grips whichclasp the nozzle bevels. Once tightly grasped, the nozzle 10 is rotated,e.g. 90° anticlockwise, releasing a pin on the nozzle 10 from itslocking position in a groove on the head 2, where after the nozzle 10 isfree to be removed from the cutting torch 1. However, any suitabledegree and direction of rotation is possible.

The rotatable gripping arm 25 thereafter releases the nozzle 10 bymoving the cutting torch 1 upward, by loosening the grip on the nozzle10 in order to simply drop it downwards, or by moving the rotatablegripping arm 25 downwards to release the nozzle 10. Both the cuttingnozzle 18 and the heating nozzle 19 are released at the same time.

For replacement of the cutting nozzle 18, for instance in the case of amachine set up change, the cutting nozzle 18 needs to be removed fromthe nozzle 10. This can be done in various ways such as by means of agripper moved over the cutting nozzle 18, which locates itself on thecutting nozzle 18 and engages with the O-ring 21, with the splines onthe outside of the cutting nozzle 18, or with the oxygen channel 4 onthe inside of the cutting nozzle 18. Alternatively, the main nozzle 10,i.e. both the cutting nozzle 18 and the heating nozzle 19, could berotated through a vertical 180 degrees at which point the cutting nozzle18 will fall out from the heating nozzle 19 from its own mass. Thecutting nozzle 18 may then be replaced using the same method, i.e. therotatable gripping arm 25, or by loading one nozzle into/onto anotherby, e.g., using a nozzle holder, arranged in a horizontal plane, and apin which pushes the inner cutting nozzle 18 into the outer heatingnozzle 19.

Also, the nozzle may be changed more easily by exchanging the cuttingand heating nozzles 18, 19 simultaneously, i.e. together. Afterwards,during continuous machine operation, the operator will check the sparenozzles stock and change the removed cutting nozzle manually if needed.

The cleaning of the nozzle 10 is completed in the parking area using twomain tools, a rotating fine wire brush and/or a set of hardened steelshaped pins. The rotating fine wire brush can be presented to the nozzle10 using a cleaning arm 26 along with optical guidance or specificmachine coding. When the nozzle 10 is attached to the cutting torch 1,the wire brush can be used to clean the main outer areas of the nozzle10 and the torch 1. Cleaning using the hardened steel pins to dislodgedebris can be controlled, also using a cleaning arm 26, to insert thepins into the gas channels to which the pins are specifically shapedfor. Optical guidance, in both cases, not only avoids clashes of thesystem but can give feedback of the quality of cleaning.

As described above, the rotatable gripping arm 25 and the cleaning arm26 are moveable robotic arms. However, the device 25 and the arm 26 maybe stationary, while the cutting torch 1 is moveable.

Testing of the nozzle 10 can also be conducted in the parking area. Thismay be prompted following logging of an unexpected parameter change, adrift in parameter readings, following nozzle exchange or followingcleaning. Testing is conducted by monitoring the on torch sensors plusadditionally an optical sensor, a noise sensor, and/or a thermal sensor27. One type of test is conducted by simply igniting the torch whilemonitoring and altering the cutting parameters. A further test can beconducted by moving a test piece into use to physically cut a plate,while monitoring and adjusting the parameters.

The optical sensor 27 is used to check the flame profile and colour, andthe flame profile is crosschecked against a pre-set flame profile forthe specific nozzle. The flame profile may be checked during theignition sequence, the preheating sequence, the piercing sequence,and/or the cutting sequence.

The noise sensor 27 checks the ignition of the cutting torch 1. Thenoise caused by ignition under correct conditions gives a specific tracefrom which an allowable tolerance is pre-set. Amplitude, timing, andtone are of interest. Of particular interest is the monitoring for sharppeaks which indicate back-fires and poor operating conditions of thecutting torch 1.

The thermal sensor 27 is used to consider the torch body 2 temperatureand flame temperature. Thermal measurements can indicate poor flameconditions and any defects in the torch body 2.

Additional areas that can be checked in the parking system 24 are thatthe cutting torch 1 is set perpendicular to the cutting surface of thework piece, which can be done using the optical sensor 27, and thetightening torque of the bayonet coupling for the quick fit system,which can be done using a torque sensor on the rotatable gripping arm25.

The person skilled in the art realizes that the present invention by nomeans is limited to the preferred embodiments described above. On thecontrary, many modifications and variations are possible within thescope of the appended claims. For example, any combination of abovedescribed features is possible.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A cutting torch comprising: a cuttingoxygen channel for supplying a cutting oxygen; a heating oxygen channelfor supplying a heating oxygen; a fuel gas channel for supplying a fuelgas; an ignition mixer configured to selectively generate ignition gasfrom the heating oxygen and the fuel gas; a heating oxygen bypasschannel originating from the heating oxygen channel and coupled to theignition mixer to connect the heating oxygen channel to the ignitionmixer, the heating oxygen bypass channel configured to supply theheating oxygen to the ignition mixer; a fuel gas bypass channeloriginating from the fuel gas channel and coupled to the ignition mixerto connect the fuel gas channel to the ignition mixer, the fuel gasbypass channel configured to selectively supply the fuel gas to theignition mixer; and a fuel gas shut-off valve located on the fuel gasbypass channel, upstream of the ignition mixer; and a control systemthat is adapted for adjusting a flow rate and/or a pressure of theheating oxygen, the cutting oxygen, and/or the fuel gas supplied to thecutting torch and that is adapted for controlling the fuel gas shut-offvalve to switch the cutting torch between an ignition mode where thefuel gas shut-off valve is open and a cleaning and cooling mode wherethe fuel gas shut-off valve is closed, wherein closing the fuel gasshut-off valve turns off the supply of the fuel gas to the ignitionmixer, and wherein the ignition mixer supplies only the heating oxygento the cutting oxygen channel when the supply of the fuel gas to theignition mixer is turned off.
 2. The cutting torch of claim 1, furthercomprising: an ignition channel originating from the ignition mixer andcoupled to the cutting oxygen channel; a heating mixer coupled to theheating oxygen channel and the fuel gas channel, the heating mixerconfigured to generate heating gas from the heating oxygen and the fuelgas; and a heating gas channel originating from the heating mixer. 3.The cutting torch of claim 2, further comprising: a body comprising thecutting oxygen channel, the heating oxygen channel, the fuel gaschannel, the ignition mixer, the heating mixer, and the ignitionchannel; and a head comprising the cutting oxygen channel, and theheating gas channel, wherein only the cutting oxygen channel downstreamof the ignition channel and the heating gas channel, supply gas from thebody to the head.
 4. The cutting torch of claim 3, wherein the headfurther comprises an ignition plug configured to ignite at least one ofthe ignition gas or the heating gas.
 5. The cutting torch of claim 2,further comprising: a body comprising the cutting oxygen channel, theheating oxygen channel, the fuel gas channel, the ignition mixer, andthe ignition channel originating from the ignition mixer and coupled tothe cutting oxygen channel; and a head comprising the cutting oxygenchannel, the heating oxygen channel, the fuel gas channel, and a nozzlecoupled with the head, the nozzle comprising the heating mixer, whereinonly the cutting oxygen channel downstream of the ignition channel, theheating oxygen channel and the fuel gas channel, supply gas between thebody and the head.
 6. The cutting torch of claim 5, wherein the headfurther comprises an ignition plug configured to ignite at least one ofthe ignition gas or the heating gas.
 7. The cutting torch of claim 2,further comprising at least one of a cutting oxygen sensor, or atemperature sensor, wherein the cutting oxygen sensor is configured formeasuring at least a pressure, or a flow rate of the cutting oxygen inthe cutting oxygen channel, and wherein the cutting oxygen sensorpositioned upstream of the ignition mixer, wherein the temperaturesensor is positioned in a head of the cutting torch.
 8. The cuttingtorch of claim 7, further comprising at least one valve for controllinga pressure and/or a flow rate of gas in at least one of the cuttingoxygen channel, the heating oxygen channel, the fuel gas channel, theignition channel, or the heating gas channel, wherein the at least onevalve is configured to adjust the pressure and/or the flow rate based ona measurement from at least one of the cutting oxygen sensor, or thetemperature sensor.
 9. The cutting torch of claim 8, wherein the atleast one valve comprises the fuel gas shut-off valve, and wherein thefuel gas shut-off valve is configured to be turned off based on themeasurement from at least one of the cutting oxygen sensor, or thetemperature sensor.
 10. A cutting torch comprising: a body and a head; acutting oxygen channel for supplying a cutting oxygen; a heating oxygenchannel for supplying a heating oxygen; a fuel gas channel for supplyinga fuel gas; an ignition mixer configured to selectively generateignition gas from the heating oxygen and the fuel gas; a heating oxygenbypass channel originating from the heating oxygen channel and coupledto the ignition mixer to connect the heating oxygen channel to theignition mixer, the heating oxygen bypass channel configured to supplythe heating oxygen to the ignition mixer; a fuel gas bypass channeloriginating from the fuel gas channel and coupled to the ignition mixerto connect the fuel gas channel to the ignition mixer, the fuel gasbypass channel configured to selectively supply the fuel gas to theignition mixer; an ignition channel originating from the ignition mixerand coupled to the cutting oxygen channel; a heating mixer coupled tothe heating oxygen channel and the fuel gas channel, the heating mixerconfigured to generate heating gas from the heating oxygen and the fuelgas; and a heating gas channel originating from the heating mixer,wherein either: the heating mixer is located in the body, and only thecutting oxygen channel downstream of the ignition channel and theheating gas channel supply gas from the body to the head, or the heatingmixer is located in the head, and only the cutting oxygen channeldownstream of the ignition channel, the heating oxygen channel, and thefuel gas channel supply gas between the body and the head.
 11. Thecutting torch of claim 10, further comprising: a fuel gas shut-off valvelocated on the fuel gas bypass channel, upstream of the ignition mixer,wherein closing the fuel gas shut-off valve turns off supply of the fuelgas to the ignition mixer, and wherein the ignition mixer supplies onlythe heating oxygen to the cutting oxygen channel when the supply of thefuel gas to the ignition mixer is turned off.
 12. The cutting torch ofclaim 10, wherein the head further comprises an ignition plug configuredto ignite at least one of the ignition gas or the heating gas.
 13. Acutting torch system, comprising: a cutting torch comprising: a cuttingoxygen channel for supplying a cutting oxygen, a heating oxygen channelfor supplying a heating oxygen, a fuel gas channel for supplying a fuelgas, an ignition mixer configured to selectively generate ignition gasfrom the heating oxygen and the fuel gas, a heating oxygen bypasschannel originating from the heating oxygen channel and coupled to theignition mixer to connect the heating oxygen channel to the ignitionmixer, the heating oxygen bypass channel configured to supply theheating oxygen to the ignition mixer, a fuel gas bypass channeloriginating from the fuel gas channel and coupled to the ignition mixerto connect the fuel gas channel to the ignition mixer, the fuel gasbypass channel configured to selectively supply the fuel gas to theignition mixer, and a fuel gas shut-off valve located on the fuel gasbypass channel, upstream of the ignition mixer, wherein closing the fuelgas shut-off valve turns off the supply of the fuel gas to the ignitionmixer, and the ignition mixer is configured to supply only the heatingoxygen to the cutting oxygen channel when the supply of the fuel gas tothe ignition mixer is turned off, at least one of a cutting oxygensensor or a temperature sensor, wherein the cutting oxygen sensor isconfigured for measuring at least a pressure or a flow rate of thecutting oxygen in the cutting oxygen channel; at least one valve forcontrolling a pressure and/or a flow of gas in at least one of thecutting oxygen channel, the heating oxygen channel, or the fuel gaschannel; and a control system operable to receive a measurement from theat least one cutting oxygen sensor or the temperature sensor, and tocontrol the at least one valve based on the received measurement,wherein the at least one valve comprises the fuel gas shut-off valve.14. The cutting torch system of claim 13, wherein the cutting torchfurther comprises: an ignition channel originating from the ignitionmixer and coupled to the cutting oxygen channel; a heating mixer coupledto the heating oxygen channel and the fuel gas channel, the heatingmixer configured to generate heating gas from the heating oxygen and thefuel gas; and a heating gas channel originating from the heating mixer,wherein the at least one valve is configured to control a pressureand/or a flow of gas in at least one of the ignition channel, or theheating gas channel.
 15. The cutting torch system of claim 14, whereinthe cutting torch further comprises a head with an ignition plugconfigured to ignite at least one of the ignition gas or the heatinggas.
 16. The cutting torch system of claim 14, wherein the cutting torchfurther comprises a nozzle having an electronic identifier readable bythe control system, wherein: the electronic identifier comprises dataregarding at least one of: a size of the nozzle, sizes of the channelsin the nozzle, a nozzle type and/or model, a fuel gas type, a type ofgas mixing system, a nozzle manufacturing date, a batch number, anidentification/serial number, and nozzle operation start-up time; andthe control system is adapted to control the at least one valve based onthe electronic identifier.
 17. The cutting torch system of claim 16,wherein the control system is configured to, based on at least thereceived measurement or the electronic identifier, cause the cuttingtorch system to execute at least one of the following operations:generate an alert that alerts an operator of the cutting torch regardingunsafe or unusual conditions in the cutting torch, generate an alertthat alerts an operator of the cutting torch regarding a need formaintenance of the cutting torch, perform maintenance of the cuttingtorch, perform a nozzle exchange, or automatically stop gas flow and/oroperation of the cutting torch.
 18. The cutting torch system of claim16, wherein the control system controls the at least one valve to adjustat least one of a flow rate of the heating oxygen, a flow rate of thecutting oxygen, a flow rate of the fuel gas, a pressure of the heatingoxygen, a pressure of the cutting oxygen, a pressure of the fuel gas, aproportion of the heating oxygen and the fuel gas in the ignition gas,based on the electronic identifier.
 19. The cutting torch system ofclaim 14, wherein the control system is configured to operate thecutting torch in: an ignition mode in which the fuel gas shut-off valveis in an open state, and an ignition gas comprising the heating oxygenand fuel gas generated in the ignition mixer is supplied to the cuttingoxygen channel, a cooling and cleaning mode in which the fuel gasshut-off valve is in a closed state, the fuel gas is supplied to theheating mixer, and the heating oxygen is supplied via the ignition mixerto the cutting oxygen channel; and a cutting mode in which the fuel gasshut-off valve is in the closed state, the fuel gas is supplied to theheating mixer, and the heating oxygen is supplied via the ignition mixerto the cutting oxygen channel, wherein the control system operates thefuel gas shut-off valve to switch between the ignition mode, the coolingand cleaning mode or the cutting mode automatically based on receivingthe measurement.
 20. The cutting torch system of claim 19, wherein thecutting torch further comprises a head with a nozzle, wherein thecontrol system is configured to switch to the cooling and cleaning modeupon start-up of the cutting torch, to perform cleaning of at least oneof the nozzle or the cutting torch, wherein the cleaning comprisescommunicating one or more bursts of oxygen through at least one of thecutting oxygen channel, the heating gas channel, or the heating oxygenchannel.